A gluten-free (GF) / low-glycemic diet prolongs the remission period when prescribed to children shortly after being diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). In this context, the Danish Diabetes Association recommends sugar-free over sugar-containing drinks for diabetes patients in order to maintain normoglycemia. However, the combinatorial effect of GF diet and light drinks on T1D incidence has not been investigated. Groups of female non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice were fed a GF or a gluten-containing standard (STD) diet with free access to either tap water or aspartame water for 310 days. In this period, the T1D incidence was followed by weekly blood glycemia screenings together with measurements of body weight as well as food and fluid consumption. The mice were then tested by intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT). No change in diabetes incidence (chi-square=0.1, p=0.71) was registered in NOD mice offered GF diet and aspartame (30.8%, n=13) compared to mice on GF diet and water (28.6%, n=14). The fasting blood glucose was lower (one-way ANOVA, p<0.001) in NOD mice receiving GF diet and aspartame (n=10) in relation to mice on GF diet and water (n=9). No difference in glucose tolerance or food and fluid consumption was observed between GF mice receiving aspartame and water, respectively. In conclusion, this study indicates that aspartame does not affect the diabetes incidence in NOD mice on GF diet compared to mice offered tap water, although lowering the fasting blood glucose.